BAT26 Microsatellite Marker Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer in Senegalese Patients
Seye Yacine,
Ndong Anna,
Keneme Bineta,
Sembene Pape Mbacke
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
59-63
Received:
11 June 2022
Accepted:
30 June 2022
Published:
12 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.11
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Abstract: Colorectal cancer is a serious problem in cancerology due to its frequency and severity. It is the third most common form of cancer, with one million new cases worldwide each year, and its mortality is around 30%. Despite significant advances in "omics" techniques that allow us to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the evolution of cancer pathologies, the strongest risk factors currently involved in the ethology of this cancer are those of a genetic nature, with specific mutations. The aim of this study is therefore to accurately establish the incidence of the MSI phenotype in Senegalese patients with colorectal cancer using the BAT26 single nucleotide marker. To identify these phenotypes, the BAT26 loci sequences of 18 cancer patients were compared with a reference sequence and their haplotypes were determined through DnaSP version 5.10. The MEGA software version 7.014 and the Arlequin program version 3.1 were used to highlight the genetic differentiation as well as the demo-genetic evolution of our study populations. The results of this comparison revealed a high microsatellite instability. This nucleotide difference is materialized by adenine to guanine substitutions present in the sequences of 17 cancer patients. This variability between cancer tissues is confirmed by the Nei genetic distance which shows that cancer tissues are genetically heterogeneous. The Fst indicates that there is genetic structuring between the cancer tissue sequences and our control (the reference sequence). These results suggest that this polymorphism of the BAT26 single-nucleotide marker may be involved in the occurrence of this cancer.
Abstract: Colorectal cancer is a serious problem in cancerology due to its frequency and severity. It is the third most common form of cancer, with one million new cases worldwide each year, and its mortality is around 30%. Despite significant advances in "omics" techniques that allow us to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the evolution of can...
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The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
64-78
Received:
28 June 2022
Accepted:
23 July 2022
Published:
29 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12
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Abstract: Sequencing Human Genome has identified 24,000 genes in our genome. Out of which six- thousand genes are mutated and are responsible for causing six thousand different diseases including old age diseases such as Alzheimer, Cardiovascular Disease and Cancers. Of all the cancers, brain cancer is most difficult to treat. The drug delivery methods require to transport active drugs components from the injection site to the target site. To treat all mental illnesses including brain cancer, the greatest challenge for most scientists is to deliver drug across the natural filter called, the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Besides addictive narcotics, most drugs are filtered out by BBB. Of all the cancers, developing drugs to treat brain cancer presents the greatest challenge. Glioblastoma is the solid, aggressive and the deadliest form of brain cancer. Once diagnosed, most patients die within fourteen months of their diagnosis. By making AZQ (US Patent 4,233,215), I have demonstrated, a novel drug delivery method by attaching Quinone, a non-addictive, non-toxic chemical as a carrier, I could deliver prodrug moieties like Aziridines and Carbamates across BBB to attack Glioblastoma, the brain tumor. Once it crosses the BBB, AZQ, a prodrug, remains inactive at natural pH, but it is activated by the growing brain tumor. To grow, the Glioblastoma uses glucose as a source of energy. Glucose is broken down to produce Lactic Acid. In the acidic media, the prodrug moieties Aziridines and Carbamates are activated producing the most powerful Carbonium ions which attack the tumor DNA shutting off the genes. Instead of growing, the Glioblastoma starts shrinking. By making AZQ and using Quinone as a drug delivery chemical across BBB, I opened the path to attack all other mental illnesses such as Epilepsy, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Depression, Anxiety disorders, Paranoia, Psychosis and Aggression. In future, male and female hormones could be used to deliver active drug components such as aziridines and carbamates to attack Breast and Prostate cancers.
Abstract: Sequencing Human Genome has identified 24,000 genes in our genome. Out of which six- thousand genes are mutated and are responsible for causing six thousand different diseases including old age diseases such as Alzheimer, Cardiovascular Disease and Cancers. Of all the cancers, brain cancer is most difficult to treat. The drug delivery methods requi...
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Genetic Diversity Based on Cluster and Principal Component Analyses for Agro-morphological Traits of Wheat Germplasm
Solomon Mengistu,
Mekonnen Asefa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
79-84
Received:
26 July 2022
Accepted:
24 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.13
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Abstract: Understanding of the genetic variability in germplasm is crucial for successful choosing varsities in breeding programs. An investigation was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability by cluster and principal component analysis for yield and its nine contributing traits in twenty seven wheat accessions that obtained from Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and two standard checks namely: - Hidase and Denda were planted at Melkasa Agricultural Research Farm 2017, in main rainy season. Out of different techniques available for assessing the genetic diversity, principal component and cluster analysis are the most important and widely used methods The agro-morphological characters used for analysis were days to 50% heading, plant height, number of tillers per plant, days to 75% maturity, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grain per spike, grain size and yield per plot. Principal component analysis categorized the entire accessions into nine important components explaining nearly 100% of genetic variation. Cluster analysis similarly, categorized the examined characters into four groups. In cluster IV, two accessions namely AC-231520 and AC-222300 have achieved higher rates of yield and yield attributes traits and may be reflected as potential to advance breeding programs. The outcome of the current research could be utilized in designing and implementation of forthcoming breeding programs in wheat.
Abstract: Understanding of the genetic variability in germplasm is crucial for successful choosing varsities in breeding programs. An investigation was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability by cluster and principal component analysis for yield and its nine contributing traits in twenty seven wheat accessions that obtained from Ethiopian Biodiversity ...
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