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The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers

Received: 28 June 2022    Accepted: 23 July 2022    Published: 29 July 2022
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Abstract

Sequencing Human Genome has identified 24,000 genes in our genome. Out of which six- thousand genes are mutated and are responsible for causing six thousand different diseases including old age diseases such as Alzheimer, Cardiovascular Disease and Cancers. Of all the cancers, brain cancer is most difficult to treat. The drug delivery methods require to transport active drugs components from the injection site to the target site. To treat all mental illnesses including brain cancer, the greatest challenge for most scientists is to deliver drug across the natural filter called, the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Besides addictive narcotics, most drugs are filtered out by BBB. Of all the cancers, developing drugs to treat brain cancer presents the greatest challenge. Glioblastoma is the solid, aggressive and the deadliest form of brain cancer. Once diagnosed, most patients die within fourteen months of their diagnosis. By making AZQ (US Patent 4,233,215), I have demonstrated, a novel drug delivery method by attaching Quinone, a non-addictive, non-toxic chemical as a carrier, I could deliver prodrug moieties like Aziridines and Carbamates across BBB to attack Glioblastoma, the brain tumor. Once it crosses the BBB, AZQ, a prodrug, remains inactive at natural pH, but it is activated by the growing brain tumor. To grow, the Glioblastoma uses glucose as a source of energy. Glucose is broken down to produce Lactic Acid. In the acidic media, the prodrug moieties Aziridines and Carbamates are activated producing the most powerful Carbonium ions which attack the tumor DNA shutting off the genes. Instead of growing, the Glioblastoma starts shrinking. By making AZQ and using Quinone as a drug delivery chemical across BBB, I opened the path to attack all other mental illnesses such as Epilepsy, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Depression, Anxiety disorders, Paranoia, Psychosis and Aggression. In future, male and female hormones could be used to deliver active drug components such as aziridines and carbamates to attack Breast and Prostate cancers.

Published in International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 10, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12
Page(s) 64-78
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Glioblastoma, Aziridines, Carbamate, Quinone, Blood Brain Barrier, AZQ

References
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[14] L. M. Cobb, T. A. Connors, L. A. Elson, A. H. Khan, B. C. V. Mitchley, W. C. J. Ross and M. E. Whisson, BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, col. 18, pp. 1519-1527 (1969) "2,4-Dinitro-5-Ethyleneiminobenzamide (CB 1954): A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of the Growth of the Walker Carcinoma 256".
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[16] A. H. Khan and W. C. J. Ross, CHEM.-BIOL INTERACTIONS, vol 4, pp. 11-22 (1971/72) "Tumour-Growth Inhibitory Nitrophenylaziridines and related compounds: Structure-Activity Relationships" PART II.
[17] A. Hameed Khan and John Driscoll, JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 313-317 (1976) "Potential Central Nervous System Antitumor Agents: Aziridinylbenzoquinones. PART I.
[18] Ed Chou, A. Hameed Khan and John Driscoll, JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 19, pp. 1302 (1976) "Potential Central Nervous System Antitumor Agents: Aziridinylbenzoquinones. PART II.
[19] "Aziridine Quinone: Anti-transplanted Tumor Agents". UNITES STATES PATENT # 4,146,622, & 4,233,215 (March 27, 1979) Investors: John S. Driscoll; A. Hameed Khan; Feng-e-Chou, NIH, Maryland, USA Additional Information is available at Facebook.com/hameed.khan 7773.
[20] The Impact of Diagnostic MRI on the Early Detection of Lethal Genes in Human Genome and to Develop Genomic Medicine to Treat Brain Cancers. J Med - Clin Res & Rev. 2021; 5 (6): 1-9.
[21] 2020 – A chapter was Published in the Book entitled, Prevention, Detection and Management of Oral Cancer: Chapter entitled, “The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Drug Design to Treat Oral Cancer: Published in the IntechOpen.
[22] 2018 – A chapter was Published in the book entitled, “Development of Oral Cancer – Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies”: Published by Springer & Edited by Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa.
[23] Journal of Medical - Clinical Research & Reviews ISSN 2639-944X J Med - Clin Res & Rev; 2021 Volume 5 | Issue 6 | 1 of 9 The Impact of Diagnostic MRI on the Early Detection of Lethal Genes in Human Genome and to Develop Genomic Medicine to Treat Brain Cancers.
[24] e-Book, “The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Genomic Medicine and the Discovery of AZQ (US Patent 4,146,622) Specifically Designed to shut off genes that cause Brain Cancer.”
[25] The Rational Drug Design to Treat Cancers Abdul Hameed Khan.
[26] The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Genomic Food & Medicine.
[27] The Impact of Sequencing Genomes on The Human Longevity Project.
[28] Hameed AK. The Impact of Diagnostic MRI on the Early Detection of Lethal Genes in Human Genome and to Develop Genomic Medicine to Treat Brain Cancers. J Med - Clin Res & Rev. 2021; 5 (6): 1-9.
[29] Khan H. The Impact of Sequencing Genomes on The Human Longevity Project. J Med - Clin Res & Rev. 2021; 5 (7): 1-12.
[30] Hameed Khan. The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Genomic Food & Medicine. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics. Vol. 9, No. 1, 2021, pp. 6-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20210901.12.
[31] ADVANCES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY, VOLUME 180, The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Genomic Medicine and the Discovery of AZQ (US Patent 4,146,622) Specifically Designed to Shut off Genes That Cause Brain Cancer Hameed Khan.
[32] Chapter 5 Drug Design - Novel Advances in the Omics Field and Applications Edited by Arli Aditya Parikesit “The Rational Drug Design to Treat Cancers.” Page, 95-115, 2021.
[33] Abbreviated Key Title: EAS J Biotechnol Genet ISSN: 2663-189X (Print) & ISSN: 2663-7286 (Online) Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya Volume-3 | Issue-3 | May-Jun-2021 | DOI: 10.36349/easjbg.2021.v03i03.002.
[34] The Impact of Genomic Science on Society & the Discovery of AZQ (US Patents 4,146,622 and 4,233,215) rationally Design to attack Glioblastoma, The Brain Tumor.
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[37] A Hameed Khan. The Impact of Sequencing Genomes on the Under­standing of the Origin of Life on Earth. Bi­omed J Sci & Tech Res 40 (2)-2021. BJSTR. MS.ID.006416.
[38] A. Hameed Khan. (2022). The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on the Genetically Engineered Life. J. Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics. 6 (1); DOI: 10.31579/2640-1053/102.
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    Hameed Khan. (2022). The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 10(3), 64-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12

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    Hameed Khan. The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2022, 10(3), 64-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12

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    AMA Style

    Hameed Khan. The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers. Int J Genet Genomics. 2022;10(3):64-78. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12,
      author = {Hameed Khan},
      title = {The Impact of Sequencing Human Genome on Novel Drug Delivery Method to Treat Cancers},
      journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
      volume = {10},
      number = {3},
      pages = {64-78},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20221003.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20221003.12},
      abstract = {Sequencing Human Genome has identified 24,000 genes in our genome. Out of which six- thousand genes are mutated and are responsible for causing six thousand different diseases including old age diseases such as Alzheimer, Cardiovascular Disease and Cancers. Of all the cancers, brain cancer is most difficult to treat. The drug delivery methods require to transport active drugs components from the injection site to the target site. To treat all mental illnesses including brain cancer, the greatest challenge for most scientists is to deliver drug across the natural filter called, the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Besides addictive narcotics, most drugs are filtered out by BBB. Of all the cancers, developing drugs to treat brain cancer presents the greatest challenge. Glioblastoma is the solid, aggressive and the deadliest form of brain cancer. Once diagnosed, most patients die within fourteen months of their diagnosis. By making AZQ (US Patent 4,233,215), I have demonstrated, a novel drug delivery method by attaching Quinone, a non-addictive, non-toxic chemical as a carrier, I could deliver prodrug moieties like Aziridines and Carbamates across BBB to attack Glioblastoma, the brain tumor. Once it crosses the BBB, AZQ, a prodrug, remains inactive at natural pH, but it is activated by the growing brain tumor. To grow, the Glioblastoma uses glucose as a source of energy. Glucose is broken down to produce Lactic Acid. In the acidic media, the prodrug moieties Aziridines and Carbamates are activated producing the most powerful Carbonium ions which attack the tumor DNA shutting off the genes. Instead of growing, the Glioblastoma starts shrinking. By making AZQ and using Quinone as a drug delivery chemical across BBB, I opened the path to attack all other mental illnesses such as Epilepsy, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Depression, Anxiety disorders, Paranoia, Psychosis and Aggression. In future, male and female hormones could be used to deliver active drug components such as aziridines and carbamates to attack Breast and Prostate cancers.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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Author Information
  • Department of Genetics & Robotics, NCMRR (National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, USA

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