Persistent Circulating Immune Complexes: Potential Source of Epimutation and Cancer Poor Prognosis
Michael Chukwudi Ezeani,
Charles Chinedum Onyenekwe,
Samuel Chukwuemeka Meludu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
1-13
Received:
13 December 2016
Accepted:
27 December 2016
Published:
29 January 2017
Abstract: Estimation of serum level of circulating immune complexes and its use for monitoring treatments have been carried out extensively in various disease conditions including autoimmune diseases and cancer, but little or no work has considered persistent circulation of immune complexes consequent to physiological anomalies that could mediate epimutation and subsequent epigenetic cell alteration and tumourigenesis. This review looked into the immuno-physiological activities of circulating immune complexes to expose its possible epigenomic consequences and potential role in epimutation. The environmental link between epigenetic cell alteration and formation of circulating immune complexes makes this review a unique one but on the other hand, gives room for concern. Immune complexes have strong capacity to stimulate various immune responses, yet the immunological activities of these circulating immune complexes are over looked or under estimated. Immune complexes is a normal immunological phenomenon but its persistence and subsequent deposition could induce endogenous assaults that would continuously and adversely perturb the epigenomic activities by fuelling chronic inflammation, activating transcription factors (NFkB), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and frequent release of cytokines leading to epigenetic cell alteration especially in developing countries where environmental pollution is a serious factor.
Abstract: Estimation of serum level of circulating immune complexes and its use for monitoring treatments have been carried out extensively in various disease conditions including autoimmune diseases and cancer, but little or no work has considered persistent circulation of immune complexes consequent to physiological anomalies that could mediate epimutation...
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A Reduced Interval of Chromosome 9p21 Locus is Associated with Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Northern Han Population
Shuo Li,
Yu-Ming Xu,
Hong Zheng,
Edward Randell,
Hai-Zheng Wang,
Jianxun Cui,
Guang Sun,
Guangju Zhai,
Fei-Yu Han,
Ya-Gang Xie
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2017
Pages:
14-18
Received:
6 March 2017
Accepted:
Published:
10 March 2017
Abstract: The 9p21 locus, a strong risk locus for coronary arterial disease, has been also associated with other cardiovascular disease including ischemic stroke (IS) in Caucasians. However, the association between 9p21 locus and IS in Chinese Han population is still debatable because of ambiguous results reported previously. Genetic heterogeneity between Southern and Northern Chinese Han populations could be one of the reasons for this uncertainty. Four genetic variants selected from the three conjunctional LD blocks within the 44 kb candidate region on chromosome 9p21 were genotyped in 1,429 IS patients and 1,191 healthy controls from the Northern Chinese Han population. Among the four studied variants, the G allele of the SNP rs2383207 was significantly associated with IS with allele frequency 66.8% in patients and 63.4% in controls. This association appears to be dominant with an OR of 1.417 (p=0.003) for people with either GG or AG genotypes. We did not find any association for the other three SNPs (rs1333049, rs10757274, and rs10116277). Based our results, we conclude that the 9p21 locus is a susceptibility locus for IS in the Northern Chinese Han population; and the core risk region for IS is within an interval of less than 28kb.
Abstract: The 9p21 locus, a strong risk locus for coronary arterial disease, has been also associated with other cardiovascular disease including ischemic stroke (IS) in Caucasians. However, the association between 9p21 locus and IS in Chinese Han population is still debatable because of ambiguous results reported previously. Genetic heterogeneity between So...
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